Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Winning vs. Fair Play Are they incompatible Essay Example Essay Example

Winning versus Reasonable Play: Are they incongruent? Exposition Example Paper Winning versus Reasonable Play: Are they incongruent Essay Introduction The character qualities of the â€Å"winner† are installed inside every single American. It is a country that endure and flourished against substantial chances. That heritage shapes a large number of the perspectives we have today about winning and losing. The significance of winning has pervaded our way of life from the business world to elite athletics to neighborhood youth soccer associations. The drive to win is essential both for our endurance and for our proceeded with quest for greatness. Greatness, thusly, benefits society in general. This is the reason the drive to win has a significant job in our general public. A commendable objective for society is to make an environment where the drive to win not just exists together with reasonable play and sportsmanship yet in addition works pair with them. Actually one doesn't nullify the other. Winning and reasonable play/sportsmanship can really upgrade one another. In that kind of condition we as a whole success. Winning Winning versus Reasonable Play: Are they contradictory? Exposition Body Paragraphs As indicated by Peck â€Å"It isn't right to view some other person as, from the earlier, as an item or an it† (1993). The early European pioneers who came to America perceived this. In the long run, the idea of individual rights was arranged into the Constitution. Despite the fact that every individual pioneer was headed to get their â€Å"piece of the pie†, they comprehended that collaboration would likewise consistently be important. Simultaneously there is a reality that every individual must face. Engh composes that â€Å"Winning is the thing that we as a whole should do all through life to succeed.† (2002). Reasonable play and thought for others can’t consistently be suited in the truth of regular day to day existence. Sports are an analogy forever. The significance put on winning is only an impression of society overall. The individuals who win reliably in sports, profession and life harvest the lion’s portion of society’s rewards. Sin ce these prizes are not vast in gracefully; there will consistently be solid rivalry over them. That is how society is structured. As a country that plan has served us well. Despite the fact that the vast majority, whenever asked, would see sportsmanship, reasonable play and morals as great characteristics; our general public sends blended messages. Individualistic, childish conduct is regularly remunerated. Competitors and agents who cut corners to make it to the top are regularly depicted as saints. Once in a while sportsmanship can really imperil each one of those included. In the event that a competitor in the warmth of rivalry is diverted by contemplations of sportsmanship, wounds can result. As one youthful competitor put it â€Å"The football field is no spot to consider ethics† (Canadian Centers Teaching Peace, 2008). Morals come in the standard creation process for the game. The game is intended to be won or lost. Vince Lombardi, the effective Green Bay Packers mento r of the 1960s once said that â€Å"Winning isn’t everything. It’s the main thing†. His expression not just propelled the Packers to greatness; it likewise motivated the American culture. The announcement took advantage of an inclination that lay somewhere down in the American mind. Reasonable Play and Sportsmanship Winning is certifiably not a terrible thing. Again and again, it has been depicted along these lines. It doesn't need to be equivalent with eagerness or the wiliness to enjoy untrustworthy conduct to win. Winning has a significant job in proceeding with a cultural quest for greatness. Without this interest the way of life would get stale and at last kick the bucket. The facts demonstrate that that the preset guidelines of the game, whatever it might be, do a lot to oversee the movement and support reasonable play. There is a higher incentive to winning than simply the shallow, however. Engh composes that â€Å"The very qualities we can learn through sorted out games †things, for example, morals, reasonable play and sportsmanship †are the exercises that will manage us to be as well as can be expected in life† (2002). Winning dishonestly or without regard for the rival in sports can prompt a descending procedure for the victor. The mischief to the â€Å"losers† in this situation is self-evident. The mischief to the â€Å"winner† might be similarly as extraordinary over the long haul. Delany states that: When somebody chooses to legitimize certain conduct trying to increase an edge over an adversary, they are probably going to take part in other freak activity. (2003) Fair play and sportsmanship have significant cultural tasks to carry out. These qualities are similarly as imbued in people as the drive to win. A case of this can be found in an ongoing all around advertised episode at a women’s school softball match-up. Having hit what seemed, by all accounts, to be a match dominating grand sla m; a player was harmed and incapable to advance around the bases. In the event that her partners helped her in any capacity the run would be refused. Rather two players from the rival group hefted her around the bases, permitting her to contact each as they passed by. The open response to this episode of unadulterated sportsmanship is telling. The young ladies were regarded over and again and showed up on national television shows. Would it be able to be that sportsmanship and reasonable play are themselves types of winning? A Meeting of the Minds Winning without respect can just bring a shallow joy. It additionally welcomes others to treat the â€Å"winner† similarly. A significant number of the human rewards that join winning are lost when the triumphant is finished by cheating. The champ may get the compensations of winning yet without the genuine satisfaction winning a reasonable and sportsmanlike rivalry brings. Sports can be a decent field for supporting characteristics of future achievement in kids. Simultaneously, it very well may be taken excessively far. Winning is significant on the grounds that it is both a procedure of self inspiration and of collaboration. Sports show a structure that we as a whole need to know so as to prevail in later life. Figuring out how to win is a procedure, as is figuring out how to lose and how to be sportsmanlike. For kids, the weight of a success no matter what attitude frequently doesn't make the ideal outcome. Engaged, effective people are the special case to the standard. Regularly this weight is an interruption as opposed to a support to center. Guardians who see different guardians empowering a â€Å"win no matter what attitude† regularly feel constrained to do likewise with their children. The outcome is frequently not what they had sought after. Truth be told, â€Å"The probability is that the experience will turn a great deal of these children off to sorted out games participation† (Engh, 2 002). In sports and in life there is cooperation up and down the way. Singular winning never comes without the help and help of a large group of others including guardians, companions, colleagues, partners and even adversaries. These people gain from one another here and there. At the point when the opposition being referred to is reasonable and described by sportsmanship, the champ really upgrades his odds of winning once more. Winning deceptively alternate routes the learning procedure. In that sense the non-sportsmanlike or exploitative champ is just harming himself. These practices likewise open the victor to comparable conduct coordinated his direction. The main contrast is that this time society will completely legitimize the conduct on the grounds that the champ brought it upon himself. The Packers of Vince Lombardi were all around regarded victors. They were a group of people, each endeavoring to play out his errand as well as could be expected. As a group they played decent ly and with great sportsmanship †and each man received the benefits. Finding a harmony between â€Å"winning is the main thing† and reasonable play and sportsmanship is a commendable objective for society. The entirety of the aptitudes engaged with discovering this parity are important for extreme accomplishment throughout everyday life. End In numerous manners sport is â€Å"a microcosm of society† (Delaney, 2003). As such it uncovers the issues just as the guarantee of society. It mirrors the beliefs we find significant as a culture. Winning is acceptable. There is more than one approach to win. Winning is additionally a nonstop procedure, an extraordinary one game or occasion. Indeed, our general public rewards and praises singular accomplishment, in any event, when the accomplishment was picked up by morally faulty methods. The image is progressively confused. Individuals who succeed at all expenses frequently address an overwhelming cost. The greater part of us will never be in the situation of those we consider depicted to be victors on TV and in the media. Subsequently it is not entirely obvious the results these individuals face for unscrupulous conduct. They run from criminal inclusion to despondency to the absence of confided in loved ones. For a few, this will be a reasonable tradeoff for winning in the shallow sense. The greater part of us need a more extensive meaning of winning. Rivalry of any sort will never be completely moral and totally sportsmanlike. It is the push to be like this that matters. This recognizes the genuine victor from the shallow one. Eventually our general public is an enormous group of numerous people. It is reliant both on the individual quest for progress and a specific degree of collaboration. The act of sportsmanship doesn't hurt the quest for either component. Rather, it improves both. Presently before his passing the incredible mentor Lombardi said â€Å"I wish I had never said doomed [winning is t he main thing] thing. I implied the effort.having an objective. [not] for individuals to smash human qualities and profound quality (Reinharz Anderson, 2000). Sources Business Week. (2006). â€Å"Yes, Winning is Still the Only Thing†. Recovered 5/14/2008 from:http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_34/b3998403.htm?chan=top+news_top+news . nbsp; Canadian Centers Teaching Peace. (2008). â€Å"Sports: When Winning is the Only Thing would violence be able to be Far Away?† Retrieved 5/14/2008 from: =http://www.peace.ca/sports.htm information wpel-link=external rel=nofollow>http://www.peace.ca/sports.htm . nbsp; Delany, Tim. (2003). â€Å"Sports and Deviant Behavior†. Theory Now. Recovered 5/14/2008 from:

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Our War Against Terrorism is Justified Essay -- September 11 Terrorism

Our War Against Terrorism is Justified  This exposition will address the inquiry whether the war against psychological warfare pronounced by President George W. Shrubbery is a simply war.  As indicated by the September 22nd version of Star-Ledger, Professor Richard Falk, of Princeton University said  â€Å"the predominant press have transformed into a 'war-preparing system' prompting exceptional influence of people in general on the side of a military reaction. We are living in a general public that is so persuaded of its own honesty that it is prepared to set out all alone 'sacred war,' Falk said. He said that if and when the United States chooses to utilize drive, it ought to do so just in conformance with universal law and as per the standards of a simply war. These would incorporate creation it unlawful to target non-military locales or individuals, ensuring the reaction is proportionate and guaranteeing that no pointless agony is delivered. In Bush's location (Thursday night) I saw no indications of affectability to any of these limits, no respect to the authority of the United Nations, Falk said.  As opposed to what Prof. Falk proposed, our nation considers before embraced such activities whether it agrees to the portrayal of a simply war. We had such a conversation, for instance, before moving to turn around Iraq's attack of Kuwait in 1990. There was a decent meeting on the CNN site on the subject of a simply war.  I don't accept there is any contradiction that peaceful techniques for settling clashes should consistently be utilized when they are conceivable. In any case, this isn't generally conceivable. Along these lines the principal thing to note is that there is such an unbelievable marvel as a simply war. The convention returns to St. Augustine and has been exceptionally evolved over the penny... ... While moving against container Laden and the decision Taliban which secures him, Pres. Hedge and his counsels have unmistakably expressed that we have no fight with the Afghan individuals. Rather than dropping bombs on them, our administration has begun to transport food to reduce the intense misery brought about by over twenty years of continuous war. There has not been any military activity simply for making a move or alleviating any alleged open want for retribution.  In this manner I presume that the war against psychological warfare meets each of the four models of a simply war.  Sanity, temperance, and a comical inclination all depend, however in various ways, on having a legitimate feeling of extent. I recommend that early pundits of the war on psychological oppression come up short on the fundamental feeling of extent. They pay attention to themselves as well, and the circumstance and the thoughts it contains not genuinely enough.

Tuesday, August 18, 2020

LinkedIn Buzzwords 2018 Will the Top 10 Lose Their Steam in 2019

LinkedIn Buzzwords 2018 Will the Top 10 Lose Their Steam in 2019 LinkedIn has been publishing a list of the top 10 buzzwords found in LinkedIn profiles since 2010. These lists of words, some of which you might want to avoid because of over-popularity, are a compilation of the most commonly used terms from the previous year. (You can read my previous articles on LinkedIn’s buzzwords from 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2016 here.) LinkedIn shared their latest buzzwords list back in January and somehow I missed it (sorry!). Better late than never, right? Since LinkedIn has been curating these lists for eight years, there is technically a potential for 80 different words; however, only 30 have ever shown up. Indeed, less than three dozen words have been dominating LinkedIn profiles for almost a decade. Want to see all of the lists side-by-side? I did! LinkedIn Buzzwords from 2010 to 2018 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 1 Extensive experience Creative Creative Responsible Motivated 2 Innovative Organizational Organizational Strategic Passionate 3 Motivated Effective Effective Creative Creative 4 Results-oriented Extensive Experience Motivated Effective Driven 5 Dynamic Track Record Extensive Experience Patient Extensive experience 6 Proven track record Motivated Track Record Expert Responsible 7 Team player Innovative Innovative Organizational Strategic 8 Fast-paced Problem Solving Responsible Driven Track record 9 Problem solver Communication Skills Analytical Innovative Organizational 10 Entrepreneurial Dynamic Problem Solving Analytical Expert 2015 2016 2017 2018 1 Strategic Specialized Specialize Specialized 2 Organizational Leadership Experienced Experienced 3 Motivated Passionate Skilled Leadership 4 Driven Strategic Leadership Skilled 5 Passionate Experienced Passionate Passionate 6 Track Record Focused Expert Expert 7 Responsible Expert Motivated Motivated 8 Extensive Experience Certified Creative Creative 9 Dynamic Creative Strategic Strategic 10 Creative Excellent Focused Successful The Only 30 LinkedIn Buzzwords Ever Published Here are the 30 words that have appeared in LinkedIn’s Buzzwords article over the years, ranked by the number of times they’ve appeared. Rank All Buzzwords Since 2010 How Many Times They Appeared in the Top 10 1 Creative 8 2 Motivated 7 3 Strategic 6 4 Expert 5 5 Extensive Experience 5 6 Organizational 5 7 Passionate 5 8 Innovative 4 9 Responsible 4 10 Track Record 4 1 Driven 3 2 Dynamic 3 3 Effective 3 4 Experienced 3 5 Leadership 3 6 Problem Solver/Solving 3 7 Specialize/ Specialized 3 8 Analytical 2 9 Focused 2 10 Skilled 2 1 Certified 1 2 Communication Skills 1 3 Entrepreneurial 1 4 Excellent 1 5 Fast-paced 1 6 Patient 1 7 Proven Track Record 1 8 Results-Oriented 1 9 Successful 1 10 Team Player 1 You may or may not be surprised to learn that seven of the same words have been on the list for the last three years consecutively. These words are not so bad, really. I’m honestly relieved that “Extensive Experience” seems to have dropped off the lists and that “Proven Track Record” is not on them at all! What Should We Make of the Top 10 LinkedIn Buzzwords? While there’s an idea out there that we should avoid these “overused” words, at some point we need to accept that some of the Top 10 LinkedIn Buzzwords have longevity for good reason. They are important and might not be going away. Let’s take a look at the seven most popular words for the past three years. Many of these are useful. Your viewers on LinkedIn want to know where you “Specialize,” plus your specialties serve as keywords with SEO value. The same can be said about “Expert” â€" as long as you truly have significant knowledge of an area. “Experienced” might not be as valuable unless it comes with a number of years. “Leadership,” while perhaps overused, is an important skill and there aren’t a lot of other ways to say it. Hopefully you have a qualifier with “Leadership” like “Strategic Leadership,” “Team Leadership,” “Thought Leadership,” etc.  And note the “Strategic Leadership” scores you two buzzwords in one! Speaking of which, “Strategic” is an unavoidable and essential word for anyone in a senior role. “Creative” is the name of a department and of a deliverable, not just a nice adjective, so it makes sense that it would be on the list repeatedly. Just make sure that if you claim “Creative” as an adjective describing yourself that you back it up with evidence. My least favorite repeating word is “Passionate.” If you have stated that you are “passionate” about something, consider that you might be able to convey your passion in another way, such as through examples and a tone of excitement. The one other word I must address is “Successful,” which is a new arrival to the 2018 list. “Successful” is probably the word I most often delete from people’s resumes. If you get clear results from an action, clearly you are successful and you don’t have to use that word to tell us so. Saying you’re successful does not convince us that you are â€" it’s your results that speak to your success loud and clear. So… which of the Top 10 LinkedIn Buzzwords appear in your LinkedIn profile? Is it time to reevaluate? Do you want to keep them or toss them? Or will you withhold judgment until January for the next round of buzzwords to come out?

Sunday, May 24, 2020

The Use Of Biomimicry A Devastating Human Sustainability...

A definition of Biomimicry: Biomimicry is an approach to the design and production of structures, materials and systems based on nature’s processes and strategies. It is inspired by the understanding that animals, plants and microbes have already solved many of the complex problems faced by humans. A devastating human sustainability problem: Global warming is a gradual increase of the overall temperature of the earth’s atmosphere, caused by the greenhouse effect. In natural circumstances the heat that is radiated by the sun should be re-radiated by the earth’s surface, whereby most of the heat escapes into space. However, increased carbon dioxide emissions and other air pollutants by humans cause more heat to be trapped in the†¦show more content†¦However, it should be mentioned that some research suggests that the temperature may actually be regulated by other means. How could the termite’s ingenious passive cooling system be utilised to help fight global warming? Hypothesis: The termite’s passive cooling system can be used in architecture to greatly reduce electricity usage needed for air-conditioning. Aim: To determine how the termite’s passive cooling system can be mimicked in architecture to reduce electricity needed for air-conditioning. †¢ Main body of research Introduction to the Eastgate Centre concept: Architect Mick Pearce realised that the passive cooling system used by termites to keep their mounds at a constant temperature could be used effectively in human architecture. In 1996 his design, the Eastgate Centre, was opened in Harare, Zimbabwe. This shopping centre and office block is ventilated by natural means, saving large amounts of energy. It provides 5 600 m ² of retail space, 26 000 m ² of office space and parking for more than 400 cars, making it Zimbabwe’s largest office and shopping complex (Source 4). Detailed analysis of termite cooling system: The Eastgate Centre was modelled on an understanding of the termite mound that has since been questioned. More recent research suggests that that the constant temperature in termite mounds is in fact brought about by the active transport of water- soaked earth into the mound and fungi that regulate humidity (Source 5).

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Who Was Pablo Picasso - 1678 Words

Who was Pablo Picasso? Opinions vary. But Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) is commonly considered to be one of the greatest twentieth-century radical European surrealist and cubist painters and sculptors to have lived, if not the greatest modern artist that Spain has ever produced. His prolific portfolio included experimentation in everything from printmaking to ceramics, although oil painting was for most of his career his primary medium. His extensive legacy in popular culture and fine art, particularly in abstract geometry and use of color, is extensive and incomparable to all but a few other titans of modern art. He was identified as a child prodigy and was admitted at the age of just 14 to Barcelona s School of Fine Art. Over the†¦show more content†¦This overlapped with his transition into using warmer brown and red palette colors and his shift away from depicting depressing themes to a more neutral stance, both of which defined his Rose Period (c.1904-1907). Picasso s work during these years is still generally considered to be proto-cubist, as it included some semi-realistic elements and geometry. Picasso s interest in African (particularly African tribal) influences is usually considered something of a brief flirtation with subversive form that formed a stepping stone to his lifelong infatuation with depicting his own take on surrealist cubist geometries. His experiments with African themes are considered to have concluded by the start of 1910, in favour of focusing on developing his (then) more successful 1908 experiments in Analytical Cubism into a coherent genre of painting. Nevertheless, Picasso never entirely abandoned his interest in Africa. Some much later work such as the painting Musician (1972) can be said to contain the same influences. Certainly, the enduring influence of some elements of the African Period on Picasso can be seen throughout the work that followed on from it. This is particularly so in Picasso s approach to facial structure and depiction of the human body after 1909. One of his most highly regarded paintings, Les Demoiselles d Avignon (1907), also emerged as an iconic workShow MoreRelatedPablo Picassos Guernica Essay1395 Words   |  6 PagesPablo Picasso. A household name to many - be it good or bad. Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous and influential artists of the 20th century. He is best known, as pablopicasso.org states, â€Å"for co-founding the cubist movement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work.† This was an odd progression considering the fact that most of his younger years were spent painting in a mostly realistic style. This all began to change around the 12th century, when Picasso began to push theRead MoreEssay about Picasso and Cubism982 Words   |  4 PagesAlong with George Braque, Picasso was responsible for the invention of cubism. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Whap Chapter 15 Free Essays

Chapter 15 1. The economy of the Song Dynasty was one of the most prosperous and advanced economies in the medieval world. Monetary gain was assured from the vigorous overseas trade and indigenous trade along the Grand Canal and Yangzi River 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Whap Chapter 15 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Tang Dynasty focused on education and foreign policy while the Song Dynasty focused on economic growth and the arts. 3. Under Emperor Taizong Li Shimin’s wise governing, the national strength and social development of the Tang Dynasty reached an unparalleled prosperity – economy and commerce flourished, the social order was stable,corruption never existed. . Zhngguo translates traditionally as the â€Å"Middle Kingdom. † Only in the nineteenth century, Zhongguo became the common name for the country. During this time China expelled and Christians and outlawed the religion. They also started to become more internal and did not try to expand. 5. The Song eventually fell to the Mongols in 1279, who moved against the Southern Song years after the forces of Genghis Khan had defeated the Jin. The Mongols had superior military organization and a better grasp of the advances in military technology 6. During the Sung dynasty the monumental detail began to emerge. A single bamboo shoot, flower,or bird provided the subject for a painting. Among those who excelled in flower painting was the Emperor Hui-tsung,who founded the imperial academy. 7. The most important technological innovation of the Ancient Period was the creation of the wheel. The wheel allowed humans to transport goods over long distances. People could also travel longer. 8. From the fifth century AD Confucian orthodoxy retreated before the popularity of Buddhism and Daoism. But a renaissance came during the Song dynasty when Confucianism responded to the challenge and developed its own metaphysics. This new trend is known as Neo-confucianism, and its main exponent was Zhu Xi (1130-1200). It subsequently became the main orthodoxy of the scholar officials until the demise of the imperial system in 1912. 9. Because of the remarkable durability of Chinese civilization as well as its marvelous technological and economic innovations, other cultures began to imitate China. Japan, Korea, and Vietnam were all drawn into China’s cultural and political orbit in the post classical period. Each country interacted with China differently 10. It indicated that this person was of such high social status that she didn’t have to do any work – that she could be carried from place to place by servants, that her every need would be catered to by others. How to cite Whap Chapter 15, Essay examples

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Business Analysis and Valuation a Case of Vietnam

Question: Discuss about the Business Analysis and Valuation a Case of Vietnam. Answer: Introduction Advancement in technology makes the world appear smaller. Business has become easier than before as it can be conducted in any country in the world due to advancement in international trade. Brands originating in one country are available in another country such as BMWs. Globalization offers multiple opportunities which in turn give serious challenges to the business. Innovative marketing strategies are required for the business to sustain the competitiveness. The complicated process in product marketing is coping up with new changes. Effective marketing is meeting the changing demands and wants of the customer. Launching products in a new market brings forth new hurdles. Before developing marketing strategies, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the new target market both its external and internal environment. Therefore, before assessing the results of international marketing strategies, it is essential to properly scrutinize the political, economic, cultural and legal factors of the target market. The report deals with marketing of Yeo Hiap Seng Ltd or Yeos products in the new target market- Vietnam. The purpose of this report is to develop a market strategy for launching Yeos products. The report presents the overview of the organization. Further, it gives detailed PESTEL and SWOT analysis of the target market along with the detailed market analysis. Further, it discusses the marketing strategy of Yeos Company to launch its products in Vietnam. In this context, the report provides details such as objectives and strategies, a positioning of the product, marketing mix, implementation, and control. Overview of the organization Yeo Hiap Seng Ltd is a drink manufacturing company in Singapore (Wong et al., 2013). This company is also an investment holder in Malaysia and Singapore. This company has rich heritage since several hundred years. It has laid its strong footprints not only in Singapore but also in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, US, Japan, China, Hong Kong, Myanmar, Pacific Islands, and Cambodia (McNeill, 2013). It manufactures its Asian drinks, and with the license from Pepsico, it also produces Mug Root Beer, Mountain Dew, Pepsi, and 7Up. The Asian beverages manufactured by Yeo include Justin and Pink Dolphin (Wong et al., 2013). It firmly believes in producing high quality of food and beverage products. Additionally, Yeo smartly manages other international brands such as Evian, Red Bull, Gatorade, Erika Diaries and Uni-President. This well-loved household brand is excelling continuously due to its innovativeness and intimate knowledge regarding customers needs and wants. With its hard work and eff ort, Yeo's has successfully established itself as the international brand and is expanding beyond Asian horizon (Lee et al., 2015). The vision of YHS is to be a leading food and beverage company in the global market. Its mission is to satisfy its customers with high quality products with its innovative strategies and by embracing excellence (Wong et al., 2013). Currently, it aims to launch its food and beverage products in Vietnam. For this purpose, it performs the market analysis of Vietnam. Along with it Yeo's marketing strategies, a positioning of the product, marketing mix, implementation and control will be discussed in the subsequent sections. Business environment A company must perform a detailed research on the target market before launching its products (Baker Saren, 2016). Therefore, Yeo performs Vietnamese functional food market research and considers both the internal and external factors that may influence its product launch. The first step of country analysis includes PESTEL analysis tool. It helps in investigating macro environmental factors that may affect Yeo Hiap Seng Ltd (Kotler et al., 2015). In the business world, the word macro environment refers to external factors that affect decision making, performance, and strategies of organization (Nguyen, 2013). It will be followed by SWOT analysis that is useful to address the marketing pillars- price, product, place of sale and promotion." Next to it a more in-depth market analysis is performed to review the market characteristics of Vietnam. Figure: Decision framework for entry into foreign market (Source: self-created) PESTEL analysis Figure: PESTEL model with two additional components (Source: Nguyen Ha, 2013) Political factors- According to (Nguyen, 2013) since 1975, Vietnam is holding a tight grip on its power. This single-party state follows a communist ideology. Since 1986, Vietnam is undergoing serious political and structural reforms. It has become more open for civil participation, which in a way supports its vision to become a modern and industrialized nation (Griffin, 2016). In comparison to other countries Vietnam has lesser political turmoil or a threat of terrorism. Its political stability is the key to growth. Recently, Vietnam has been accepted as a member of World Bank, Asian Development Bank, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, United Nations, International Monetary Fund and World Trade Organization (Nguyen Ha, 2013). These are the traits which make it an attractive trade and investment partner. According to Wertheim-Heck et al., (2014) Singapore and Vietnam have outstanding and multifaceted bilateral relationship. In 2012, there has been the improvement in trade figures. Singapore exports to Vietnam grew by 13% and Vietnam exports to Singapore increased by 18% (Gates et al., 2014). In 2014, the third largest foreign investor in Vietnam was Singapore, which contributed 1300 projects and a total investment of 32 billion US dollars. Both the countries have good cultural relations as well. The Vietnamese students who are highly proficient in English and have completed junior secondary school receive scholarships from Ministry of Education of Singapore. Both the countries have a shared interest in endorsing mutual trade and investment. The fast growing economy of Vietnam along with its structural reforms is a great opportunity for further development of trade and investment relations (Bachelor, 2013). Economic Factors There is a robust transformation in the economy of Vietnam. It has changed from the poorest country in the world to lower-middle income country. In 2010, its income per capita was reported to be 1130 USD. In 2013, the GDP per capita of this country reached 1765 USD (Griffin, 2016). According to Wertheim-Heck et al., (2014) Foreign Direct Investments level in Vietnam has been sustained for 10-12 billion USD/year. Vietnam is leading in the world regarding stock market. In 2014, the net foreign inflow was found to be 107 million USD. In 2012, the consumer spending in Vietnam had increased by nearly 100 billion USD. The value of food expenditure has increased from 23,102 million USD to 31,500 million USD in the period of 2010-2013 (Gates et al., 2014). According to reports of Nguyen Ha, (2013), Vietnam is found to be the fastest growing FMCG market particularly in the area of dairy products, beverage, and foods showing 21.5% growth in the year 2013. In 2013, the inflati on rate has significantly reduced by governments intervention to below 6%. The central bank is reducing the interests rates to support business in Vietnam. Therefore, foreign investors can easily access funds in Vietnam (Griffin, 2016). Social Factors According to Wertheim-Heck et al., (2014), the total population of Vietnam is approximately 94 million and for every dependent individual with age 15 or above 60, there are two or more working individuals of age range 15-60. There are several health concerns in Vietnam rising due to modern lifestyle, which includes, increasing consumption of fast food, tobacco, and alcohol abuse. Hence, there is a number of cardiovascular diseases reported in Vietnam. According to reports of (Lee et al., 2015), there is massive growth of middle-class consumer segment and spending with 46 billion USD in 2012. There is the increase in food and beverage industries in Vietnam (Gates et al., 2014). Technological Factors- Vietnam is developing in the field of technology. It spends 10% of its GDP annually in telecommunication, energy, sanitation, and water and transport system, which are essential for modernization and industrialization in the country (Tuan Yoshi, 2016). The government of Vietnam is planning to purchase patent in the areas such as information technology, automation, and manufacturing. The country is the week in food process technology because of which it does not manufacture high quality of food which is an influential factor for Yeo (Gomez et al., 2014). Environmental Factors Vietnam experiences diverse climate. The summer temperatures may rise to 400C. It hampers businesses depending on hydroelectric plants due to regular power failure (Griffin, 2016). Yeo may suffer in its business as many of its products needs refrigeration. Additionally, Vietnam is reported with the high level of pollution that may trigger high-risk conditions such as heart strokes (Gates et al., 2014). Legislative Factors- The food and safety laws of Vietnam indicates that to be licensed the food products must meet the health and quality standards. It must meet all the requirements related to advertisement, labeling, importing and exporting. The import tariff for functional food products is marked at 30% in addition to 10% VAT tax (Lam et al., 2016). Conclusively, Vietnam welcomes foreign investment because of its political stability and strong economic growth. Vietnam has transparent, and open market and other factors are also favorable for Yeos product launch. It has an inexpensive workforce, abundant resources, and a good geographic position. However, there are some challenges faced by Vietnam, which are, poor infrastructure, an absence of predictability, low education attainment, and skills. SWOT Analysis Strength- Vietnam attracts foreign investment due to rapid growth in food processing industry. There is the increase in brand recognition among the Vietnam consumers particularly the wealthy and the young class. Alcohol and another beverage consumption are significantly increasing in Vietnam. The main advantage for domestic manufacturers in current global instability includes a stable supply of raw materials, agricultural products, and pricing system (Gates et al., 2014). Weakness- The income consumers face disparity due to a difference in income earnings between urban and rural areas. Except for sectors like dairy and confectionery, the overall food processing industry is very fragmented. The country is too slow in adopting latest technology in the food and agricultural sector. It may significantly hamper Yeo's production system. Although the government is giving its best effort, Vietnam's infrastructure is still weak. The transport system is weak with ports and railways not meeting the economic growth and has the little link with the outside world (Gomez Tuan, 2014). Opportunity- The market barriers may be eliminated if Vietnam joins the WTO, which may benefit the exporters. The competition may increase with redesigning of trade restrictions. The lifestyle changes in urban areas are positive with consumers mainly demanding high quality and expensive food items (Tuan Yoshi, 2016). Additionally, there is the increase in income and convenience in urban areas. There are more investment opportunities in Vietnam due to its increasing domestic market, export facilities, cheap labor, and successful privatization of food companies. There is the increase in investment in food and beverage industry due to higher consumer spending in soft drinks and alcohol. Therefore, drinks manufacturers can come up with diversified products with health benefits to attract consumers. The tourism industry is growing with increased profitability and convenience for packaged goods. The agricultural sector, however, requires a strong investment, which may enable the investors to count on "support policies of the state" (Nguyen et al., 2015). Threats- following the Vietnams WTO membership, the small companies may remain behind in the fierce competition due to lack of affordability to exist in the market. The inflationary pressure may arise due to Vietnam Dong devaluation. In 2010, there was the rise in consumer price inflation. The BMI predicts a rebound in the mid double-digit year. Manufacturers in the food industry may face a risk of profit due to increase in the cost of agricultural commodities (Griffin, 2016). Market analysis There are several health concerns in Vietnam rising due to modern lifestyle, which includes, increasing consumption of fast food, tobacco, and alcohol abuse. Hence, there is number of cardiovascular diseases reported in Vietnam. People are increasingly opting for health drinking habits, which is an added advantage for drinks manufacturers. The health supplement market has grown by 11% by the year 2013. Evidently, the Asian consumers are demanding products that may support their busy lifestyle. Therefore, Vietnam welcomes more entrances in the health supplement industry (Wong et al., 2013). Since last five years, there is a tremendous growth in the food market. By the year 2012, there were 1785 enterprises in Vietnam selling more than 10,000 functional food products. The high cost of the food products is due to the lack of development in technology and high import tax. Yeo may reap added advantages by manufacturing functional foods in Vietnam. To combat the growing health disasters es pecially the cardiovascular diseases the government is advocating higher consumption of functional foods by supporting the customers. However, the Vietnam Association of Functional foods fails to supervise the market appropriately with inadequate punishments for the derogations (Griffin, 2016). The consumer survey by Gates et al., (2014) in Ho Chi Minh City showed the higher preference for health among consumers and high spending on milk, food, and other beverage products. The major channels for distribution include supermarkets, drug stores, online stores and specialty stores. The drug stores will be permitted to sell the functional foods only if it has Certificate of Food Hygiene and Safety (Gomez Tuan, 2014). Supermarkets were found to be an effective distribution channel for drinks and other beverages. Consumers in Vietnam are not comfortable with online marketing. Yeo must carefully choose its distribution channel depending on its product types and storage requirements. Marketing strategy The Yeo Company has analyzed the external and internal factors of the target market- Vietnam. Therefore, the next objective to the market entry is to develop a marketing strategy. However, there is no specific strategy; best action should be taken depending on the circumstances. A business must identify the risks, the controlling level, and the required resources. Figure: Target market entry, risk resources, and control (Source: Nguyen Ha, 2013 ) Market segmentation Firstly, the target segment includes people from all groups, with the geographic region in the market segmentation being the urban area. Yeo's beverages are applicable for consumption by both the middle and the upper-class consumers. Yeo's products contain low calories. Therefore, it has health benefits that may give the advantage to the diabetic patients. Positioning of product The product shall be positioned in the market in a manner that will attract the early adopters. The positioning of the product includes sports segments, women, and men of all ages groups as well as children. Firstly, Yeo must explain its customers about the usefulness of the product, its innovativeness and its difference from the other products of the competitors. Simultaneously, it must vigilantly note customers feedback and expectations. Secondly, it must create an appeal for its brand by vigorous advertisements (Cushnan, 2016). Implementation and control Creating awareness among the consumers is a vital step in any business. According to Kotler et al., (2015), the key strategy is to use sports person for endorsing the food related product. The reason being sports person are the icon of fitness and health, therefore; clients tend to believe the health benefits of the products and eventually accept them. The strategic positioning of the product can be enhanced by using blogs in the internet and online marketing through Facebook, Twitter. This will help stimulate the young consumers quickly. Digital marketing (using viral videos, SEO) can easily increase product awareness (Cushnan, 2016). The three core elements of product strategy include- distribution, promotion and customer support (Baker Saren, 2016). Yeo can choose from one of the distributing channels in the Vietnam discussed above after carefully considering the pros and cons. Promotion greatly depends on the online presence of the product and rigorous advertisements. The crowd based campaign is an additional boost to increase the customer support. Such campaigns provide an opportunity to speak with media analysts to brief details of a product and its relevance and ensure long-term market presence (Rundle-Thiele et al., 2015). A successful promotional activity determines the success rate of a product after its launch in the market. Customer will develop a positive concept of the product once they are convinced that it offers both mental and physical vitality. This will work as the template for the next step that is expanding the product distribution (Baker Saren, 2016). Packaging plays the major role while ma rketing, however, it must meet the food and safety standards as discussed earlier. It must have a distinct catchy logo and relevant product information as per the guidelines of Vietnam. The product must receive approval from FDA. One can determine pricing rates by using the cost-plus method. It involves getting the desired profit by calculating the overall production and other promotional costs of products. At the initial level, penetration pricing system can be used which means setting the product at the lower price initially for faster diffusion of product in the market (Tuan et al., 2016). The organization has to initially trust the agents as the product moves from the from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer (Kotler et al., 2015). The distributors will ultimately deliver the product to the customers. They must be paid high fees initially as they are the final representatives of the product. See the Appendix for the action plan. Conclusion Conclusively, the food and beverage industry is growing well in Vietnam, which is attractive for foreign investment. Consumers are more interested in buying local Vietnamese products. Therefore, YHS ltd must work hard to establish its market. The great potential of Vietnamese market is evident through PESTEL analysis. Food manufacturers can generate huge profits by delivering health benefits to the consumers. It is apparent from the market analysis that Yeo Hiap Seng Lt. has great opportunities in the Vietnamese market. Vietnam welcomes foreign investment because of its political stability and strong economic growth. Vietnam has the transparent and open market, and other factors are favorable for Yeo's product launch. It has an inexpensive workforce, abundant resources, and a good geographic position. However, there are many threats as discussed under SWOT analysis that is not under the control of Yeo Company. Therefore, Yeo must take appropriate decisions keeping in mind all the pro s and cons of the Vietnamese market. However, further research regarding competition among the food and beverage sector in Vietnam is recommended before Yeo makes its entry into Vietnam. The learning outcome of this study includes clear concept about business strategies, market research, analysis of the external and internal market environment, a positioning of product and services and finally reaching the customers. References Bachelor, O. (2013).Business analysis and valuation a case of Vietnam dairy products joint stock company (vnm)(doctoral dissertation, Vietnam national university). Baker, M. J., Saren, M. (Eds.). (2016).Marketing theory: a student text. Sage. BBC. 2013. Vietnam profile. Available at https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-16567315 ( referenced 16. March 2014) Brown, D. (2014). Vietnam in the Global Economy by Thomas Jandl (review).Contemporary Southeast Asia: A Journal of International and Strategic Affairs,36(2), 329-332. Cook, J. (2014). Back from the brink.Instyle, (Jan/Feb 2014), 46. Cushnan, D. (2016). Start-ups, Singapore and serious potential.Australasian Leisure Management, (114), 42. Gates, C., Noerlund, I., Vu, V. C. D. (2014).Vietnam in a changing world. Routledge. Gomez, E. T., Tuan, W. Y. (2014). Family Firms and Brand Products in Vietnam: Originality, Productivity and Sustainability.The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies,32(1), 76-98. Griffin, K. (Ed.). (2016).Economic reform in Vietnam. Springer. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L., Armstrong, G. (2015).Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU. Lam, N. D., Mujtaba, B. G., Chat, T. N., Quan, T. M. (2016). Sustainable Growth and Ethics: A Study of Business Ethics in Vietnam between Business Students and Working Adults. Lee, B. E., Kang, J. (2016, July). From Product To Category: How An Innovative Product Type Could Grow Into A Dominant Product Category. In2016 Global Marketing Conference at Hong Kong(pp. 1116-1117). Lee, K. S., Lim, G. H., Tan, S. J. (2015). Conventional strategy frameworks and their applicability to SMEs: Lessons from a case study.Journal of Small Business Strategy,10(1), 25-40. Lee, K. S., Lim, G. H., Tan, S. J. (2015). Conventional strategy frameworks and their applicability to SMEs: Lessons from a case study.Journal of Small Business Strategy,10(1), 25-40. McNeill, L. (2013). Sales promotion in Asia: successful strategies for Singapore and Malaysia.Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics,25(1), 48-69. Nguyen, H. (2014). Vietnamese Functional Food Market Research: case study: Raisio Benecol the Vietnamese Cardiovascular Health Market. Nguyen, L. D., Mujtaba, B. G., Cavico, F. J. (2015). Business ethics development of working adults: a study in Vietnam.Journal of Asia Business Studies,9(1), 33-53. Nguyen, M. T. (2013). Impacts of FDI on technology upgrade and employment of Singapore and Malaysia, lesson for Vietnam. Nguyen, Q., Ha, P. (2013). Vietnamese confectionery market analysis and entry plan: case: Candyking Finland Oy. Rundle-Thiele, S., Nguyen, B., Rowley, C. (2015). Social marketing: Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand.Ethical and Social Marketing in Asia, 131-144. Rundle-Thiele, S., Nguyen, B., Rowley, C. (2015). Social marketing: Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand.Ethical and Social Marketing in Asia, 131-144. Shams, F., Huisman, J. (2016). The role of institutional dual embeddedness in the strategic local adaptation of international branch campuses: evidence from Malaysia and Singapore.Studies in Higher Education,41(6), 955-970. Tuan, N. P., Yoshi, T. (2016). Organisational capabilities, competitive advantage and performance in supporting industries in Vietnam. Wertheim-Heck, S. C., Spaargaren, G., Vellema, S. (2014). Food safety in everyday life: Shopping for vegetables in a rural city in Vietnam.Journal of Rural Studies,35, 37-48. Wong, D., Chong, A., Qiu, S., Lin, J. (2013). Report on soft drink market (business development).

Tuesday, March 31, 2020

The Concept of Photons

Table of Contents Introduction Origin of photons Lifecycle of the photon Characteristics of photon Uses of photon Conclusion Works Cited Introduction A photon can be defined as a particle or unit that represents a quantum of electromagnetic radiation for example light. It usually contains energy that is proportional to the radiation frequency. A photon is always in motion with a constant speed of light which is approximately 2.998* 108 m/s whenever there is no form of resistance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Concept of Photons specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Photons are usually formed in a number of ways, for instance, we can get a photon via the progression of an electron (in an atom) discharging energy which is reached when the particular electron moves to a somewhat lesser orbit around a nucleus. Another way in which a photon could be created is through an acceleration of a given charge (A nato, Moskalenko and Snoke 1). This paper gives an in depth discussion in regard to photons including their origin, their lifecycle, their characteristics as well as their uses. Origin of photons The origin of photons can be traced back in the early twentieth century. Lewis Gilbert is associated with photons as he was responsible for bringing out the various concepts of photons in 1926 although the general concept of light had been there for a long time. There had been a belief that light is usually made up of some form of energy even in the ancient times which can be seen in the book of Optics which was published long time ago. This was true but people did not have the understanding of the photons concept and the fact that they were the ones responsible for the production of energy. During the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries, people had gained a lot of interest on the aspect of light and a variety of theories were developed in order to understand the key factors underlying it for instance the wavelength and refraction characteristics associated with other particles like the protons. It was in the beginning of the twentieth century that the discovery of photons came about raising a lot of concern among people. Various studies have been carried out since then in regard to photons leading to many discoveries with the most recent one being that of the laser which have been proved to be very effective in various fields and procedures like X-rays (Bortz 28). Lifecycle of the photon Just like a living organism, a photon undergoes t some processes during its entire lifetime (formation, living and death) and the processes can be termed as the lifecycle. A photon has a relatively long life span and could be even infinite unless the light energy in it is consumed, for example, when a photon strikes an object that is likely to absorb it. The determination of the lifecycle of a photon is an aspect that has proved to be very difficult unlike that of other particle s like atoms, ions and electrons. This is due to the fact that in most cases, photons tend to be destroyed once they are detected due to the risks linked with them.Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique (par 2), the determination of the life cycle has been made possible through a technique where photons are trapped in a superconducting cavity for study. This way, it was a bit easier to study in real time the birth, the life as well as the death of a single photon whose result could be taken as a representative whole. Anato, Moskalenko and Snoke (3) assert that the emission of a photon could be as a result of excitons which usually have a finite probability for an excited electron to reunite with the whole hence the emission of a photon. The life cycle for an exciton could be described as follows; there is usually an exciton which is formed as a result of absorption of a photon, the exciton then passes through a solid whereby scattering process is experienced and finally the exciton recombines to emit a photon which usually take place far from the creation point, at some area in the solid. The lifetime of the exciton is not constant but rather dependent on some factors, for instance, the proportions of the recombination processes and the experimental conditions among other factors. According to the above factors it is argued that the lifetime can range from picoseconds to milliseconds or even longer. All in all much have not been discovered in regard to the life cycle of photons although there is still hope that with time a definite conclusion will be reached. Characteristics of photon Photons have a wide range of characteristics and the following are just some of them according to the photon theory of light. According to Zimmerman (2), photons have no mass and resting energy an aspect that s ounds not to be realistic but it is proven to be true. Photons however have momentum and energy at the antinodes which is responsible for taking on mass from energy expansion. This is unlike other particles (like neutrons) that always have a small amount of accumulation under all circumstances. They also move at the speed of light which is 2.998* 108 m/s. Another unique characteristic of photons is that they can either be destroyed or formed when either radiation is absorbed or else emitted. Photons are also known to have various particle related interactions with electrons and other particles. They do not contain any electric charge whereas all other related particles have an electric charge. For example, neutrons are neutral, protons are positive and electrons are negative. They are generally the smallest measure of light and are able to exist in all possible states concurrently.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Concept of Photons specifically fo r you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another characteristic unique to photons is that once they are polarized, it becomes very difficult to measure them precisely and it would call for the use of a filter, which is exactly equivalent to that produced by their current spin. They are also emitted through a variety of natural processes and do not decay instinctively in empty space. Apart from the above characteristics, photons posses a distinctive wavelength and a specific state of polarization which is absent in other particles (Clark par. 4) Uses of photon Photons have become very essential tools in regard to technology today. They have for instance found their application in various technological devices that either create or produce light as a mechanism of their usability for instance camera flash or even flashlight. This is because the photons are created and manipulated to provide the energy needed for these devices to function. It is the mechanism a nd working of photons that has enabled individuals through the use of technology to capture and create light energy in a number of productive ways necessary for various developmental processes (Akkermans and Montambaux 12). Photons have found various applications in the different fields of life like X-rays in medicine, construction sector, weaponry and even electronics. This has been made possible due to the use of the photons to produce lasers which have various uses in different fields. Despite the benefits associated with photons, there are also some risk factors that come along with handling photons and so people should be more careful on this to avoid injuries. This is so because some photons could be dangerous due to the amount of energy they possess which is dependent on their patterns as well as their wavelength (Orkwell 4). Conclusion The concept of photons is not very new although most discoveries have only been made recently. All in all, it has helped a great deal through its various applications especially in medicine and electronics. Photons have been able to stand out distinctively among other particles like the protons, electrons and neutrons due to the unique characteristics they posses. We can also state that photons in the form of energy are usually infinitely small just as it is the case, infinitely large. Matter as finite energy is also considered as an intermediary as well as part of infinite energy. The future of photons is bright as there are still other discoveries on the way with an aim of bringing even more improvements in various sectors of the economy. Works Cited Akkermans, Eric and Montambaux, Gilles. Mesoscopic physics of electrons and photons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Anato Sviatoslav, Moskalenko Evich and Snoke D.W. Bose-Einstein Condensation of Excitons and Biexcitons: and Coherent Nonlinear Optics with Excitons. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Bortz, Alfred .The Photon. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2004. Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique. â€Å"Life And Death Of A Photon ‘Filmed’ For The First Time.† Science Daily, 2 Apr. 2007. April 14, 2011. Clark, Josh. â€Å"How Quantum Cryptology Works†. Howstuffworks. 2011. Web. Orkwell, Mark. â€Å"About Photons†. Ehow. 2011. Web. Zimmerman, Jones Andrew. â€Å"What is a Photon?† About.com. 2011. Web. This research paper on The Concept of Photons was written and submitted by user Addilyn S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, March 7, 2020

Open Primary Definition and List of Open Primary States

Open Primary Definition and List of Open Primary States A primary is the method political parties use in the U.S. to nominate candidates for elected office. The winners of the primaries in the two-party system become the party nominees, and they face each other in the election, which is held in November in even-numbered years.   But not all primaries are the same. There are open primaries and closed primaries, and several  kinds of primaries in between the two. Perhaps the most talked-about primary in modern history is the open primary, which advocates say encourages voter participation. More than a dozen states hold open primaries. An open primary is one in which voters can take part in either the Democratic or Republican nominating contests regardless of their party affiliation, as long as they are registered to vote. Voters registered with third-parties and independents are also allowed to take part in open primaries.   An open primary is the opposite of a closed primary, in which only registered members of that party can take part. In a closed primary, in other words, registered Republicans are allowed to vote only in the Republican primary, and registered Democrats are allowed to vote only in the Democratic primary. Voters registered with third-parties and independents are not permitted to take part in closed primaries. Support for Open Primaries Supporters of the open primary system argue that it encourages voter participation and leads to greater turnout at the polls. A growing segment of the U.S. population is not affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties, and is therefore blocked from taking part in closed presidential primaries. Supporters also argue that holding an open primary leads to the nomination of more centrist and less ideologically pure candidates who have broad appeal. Mischief in Open Primary States Allowing voters of any party to take part in either the Republican or Democratic presidential primary often invites mischief, commonly referred to as party-crashing. Party-crashing occurs when voters of one party support the most polarizing candidate in the other partys primary to bolster the chances that it will nominate someone unelectable to general election voters in November, according to the nonpartisan Center for Voting and Democracy in Maryland. In the 2012 Republican primaries, for example, Democratic activists launched a somewhat organized effort to prolong the GOP nomination process by voting for Rick Santorum, an underdog, in states that held open primaries. That effort, called Operation Hilarity, was organized by activist Markos Moulitsas Zuniga, the founder and publisher of , a popular blog among liberals and Democrats. The longer this GOP primary drags on, the better the numbers for Team Blue, Moulitsas wrote. In 2008, many Republicans voted for Hillary Clinton in the 2008 Democratic presidential primary because they felt she had less of a chance of defeating presumed Republican nominee John McCain, a U.S. senator from Arizona. 15 Open Primary States There are 15 states that allow voters to privately selected which primaries in which to participate. A registered Democrat, for example, could choose to cross party lines and vote for a Republican candidate. Critics argue that the open primary dilutes the parties’ ability to nominate. Supporters say this system gives voters maximal flexibility- allowing them to cross party lines- and maintains their privacy, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Those 15 states are:    AlabamaArkansasGeorgiaHawaiiMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNorth DakotaSouth  CarolinaTexasVermontVirginiaWisconsin 9 Closed Primary States There are nine states that require primary voters to be registered with the party in whose primary they are participating. These closed-primary states also prohibit independent and third-party voters from voting in primaries and helping the parties choose their nominees. This system generally contributes to a strong party organization, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. These closed-primary states are:    DelawareFloridaKentuckyMarylandNevadaNew MexicoNew YorkOregonPennsylvania Other Types of Primaries There are other, more hybrid types of primaries that are neither fully open or completely closed. Heres a look at how those primaries work and the states that use these methods. Partially Closed Primaries: Some states leave it up to the parties themselves, which operate the primaries, to decide if independent and third-party voters can participate. These states include Alaska;  Connecticut;  Connecticut;  Idaho; North Carolina;  Oklahoma; South Dakota; and Utah. Nine other states allow independents to vote in party primaries:  Arizona; Colorado; Kansas; Maine; Massachusetts; New Hampshire; New Jersey; Rhode Island; and West Virginia.   Partially Open  Primaries: Voters in partially open primary states are allowed to choose which partys candidates they are nominating, but they must either publicly declare their selection or register with the party in whose primary they are participating. These states include: Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Ohio; Tennessee; and Wyoming.

Thursday, February 20, 2020

Law of Tort Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Law of Tort - Assignment Example Surv conducted surveys in a manner that was negligent and in violation of their contract of service (Spiers 365). GMAC forwarded their claims to the Webb Resolutions Limited. The proceedings initially involved a total of four valuations. Two were solved and two remained in question. The discrepancy arose due to the difference in the E. Surv valuation and the right price valuation. The damage claim in both instances was a total of $ 46,445 plus interest (Sloan 453). When it comes to the discharge of the value’s duty of care, the supplier agreement dated 22nd September in the year 2004 between E. Surv and GMAC, had not been expressed by E. Surv to the surveys. However, was not clear that those terms governed their conduct (Salmond 228). To establish a loss, the defender must have had the responsibility of the duty of care to the lender. This has to be clearly expressed to both parties. In a tort, the duty of care will always be owed to the lender to the surveyor (Osborne 398). Such circumstances should be accompanied by a contract of the engagement under which the surveyor will have a code of conduct under which he can carry out his services. Such a contract should have the expression of the fact that the work is to be carried out with sufficient care and skill (North 234). If the valuation is done in a negligent manner, it will constitute a violation of the contract. If such an event takes place, then the court will have the responsibili ty of stepping in to establish if such clauses are enforceable or reasonable (Mcdeen 338). With regard to the margin of error test, there is a raging debate as to whether attention needs to be paid to the methodology of the surveyor while conducting a valuation or if the focus ought to be on the output of the valuation (Macod 227). The logic behind this argument is that the end justified the means. If an era was made in the methods and procedures used, it is overlooked if the results of the valuation

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

Pollution by CO2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pollution by CO2 - Essay Example Therefore, concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is being monitored closely in order to prevent effects of global warming (Ramseur & Parker2008, p.27). The need to curb the effects of global warming due to increased greenhouse gases has led to the development of novel devices, which can monitor air pollution by CO2. However, it is worth to mention that some of the methods in use for the monitoring of CO2 tend to be highly sophisticated, and can only be used under exceptional circumstances. Today, majority of the devices that are in use for monitoring of atmospheric CO2 are constructed using Non-Dispersive Infrared gas analyzers. However, there are several other techniques, which use chromatographic and spectrum techniques. It is necessary to note that there is an internationally accepted calibration system that helps in giving a global standard for CO2 measurements (Nowakb & King 2002, p.246). Devices for measuring CO2 pollution Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) This is one of the methods widely used for monitoring atmospheric pollution by CO2. This technique has been in use for decades, and its working principle is based on the identification of the absorption spectrum for different gases. Therefore, FTIR operates by monitoring the whole infrared spectrum in order to identify the different absorption spectrums for gases present. Infrared spectrums produce absorption spectrums for samples that have absorption peaks that correspond to frequencies of bond vibrations within an atom. Every material has a unique combination of atoms, hence the uniqueness in the infrared spectrum produced. Therefore, the use of infrared spectroscopy can help in the quantitative analysis of a material (Xinyi 2012, p. 225). The size of peaks produced by infrared spectrums provides a direct measurement for the quantity of substance present within the test sample, which goes to extents of 10% of CO2 concentrations in the sample. The use of software algorithms has made use o f the infrared spectrum a vital tool for quantitative analysis. The use of FTIR has a number of advantages over other techniques that were in use earlier. These advantages include its nondestructive nature; it also gives precise measurements that do not need any external calibration, has a high operating speed and is of a high sensitivity. Other advantages include its high optical throughput, and its mechanical simplicity.With the help of an interferometer, FTIR measures different infrared frequencies simultaneously. Therefore, this technique is reliable for the identification of air pollution by CO2 based on its unique absorption spectrum (Griffith &Stephen 2000, p.218). Advantages FTIR provides the advantage of measuring up to 50 determinants. The other advantagesincludethe reduced number of interferences, lack of frequent calibration, and a typical range of 2.5-25Â µm. Disadvantages The main disadvantage associated with the use of FTIR is its potential to generate a large amount of data from inferograms, which makes data analysis process cumbersome. The other disadvantage relates to difficulties in obtaining a representative background. Gas chromatography This is an analytic technique that is used in the analysis of a number of gaseous substances. Analysis of gases using gas chromatography requires the gaseous compounds under analysis to have thermal stability and sufficiently

Monday, January 27, 2020

Juvenile offenders should be tried and punished as adults

Juvenile offenders should be tried and punished as adults A youth say 13, boy or girl, acquires a gun and shoots another youth who has been harassing them. There is no doubt they should receive some sort of punishment for their actions. However, should they receive this punishment through the Juvenile Courts or Criminal Courts? This is the question, which has no real definitive answer. However, this paper will attempt to address some important issued concerning this matter. Studies have shown that juvenile crime was on the raise during the beginning of the 1990s. During the late 1990s and into the early part of the new century these crimes have fallen slightly. However, where these crimes the same type of crimes as juveniles committed before? No these crimes have become more violent in nature due to the change in the world we live in. Therefore, in conducting research into this matter it came to show the age of the individual should not be a determining factor but the crime committed. Juveniles today commit more serious crimes than before; thus requiring them to be tried and punished as adults because of the nature of the crime, violence involved, and types of crimes. Now in dealing with the crimes being committed we cannot discuss this without first getting over a major hurdle, being age. This is the most discussed portion of any argument when dealing with juveniles and crime. At what age does a child have the ability to commit a crime? Under the common law, which all laws in the United States originated, states that a child could not commit a crime if the defense was able to prove infancy. Infancy or in other words immaturity was the guide and concluded a child could not commit an adult offense. However, what is this age and when does it or did it change? Well in order to answer these questions, we must look into our past. Children for many years were more property then identified as person. If a child did something wrong it was legal for a father to take his life. Now as time went on things changed and so did life. Progress was moving forward and children advanced along with the rest of humanity. This is evident today in that children today do things we could only dream of doing at their age. In considering this at what age, does a child show a difference between diminished responsibility and bad decision? Children today have advanced socially due to modern technology such as television, movies, and games. The time when a child killed someone but because he/she did not understand a gun with bullets can harm is no longer. Now they can still make a bad decision but at the same time adults make bad decisions and are held responsible so why not those children who do the same thing? Legislation in each state addressed this issue. The State of Arizona for example has no age limit for transferring a juvenile to criminal court. Arizona uses a variety of provisions in order to deal with juvenile crime. These include judicial wavier laws like discretionary and presumptive. In addition, procedures for dealing concurrent jurisdiction, statutory exclusion, reverse wavier and once an adult always an adult. The next part in dealing with age is the use of term delinquency as it pertains to juvenile crime. Before continuing, you must understand when dealing with juvenile crimes the term delinquency is a part of the actions involved. All juveniles who process through the Juvenile Court system obtain the label as delinquent. However, there are two types of delinquency, first are the illegal acts whether committed by an adult or juvenile. Second are status offenses, which only juveniles commit. These status offenses are those such as curfew violations, truancy, and running away from home. These acts, though they concern us, may only come into consideration when deciding to transfer a juvenile to criminal court, but are not tried themselves in criminal court. The illegal acts such as murder, robbery, rape, and so on are the crimes in which juveniles are transfer to criminal court. These crimes are the ones in which juveniles today are committing but until recently where tried in Juvenile court. In many cases, delinquency determines if a juvenile who has committed minor offenses, then commi ts a felony crime requires transferred. Under some current legislation once, a juvenile commits a felony crime they automatically are delinquent and transferred to criminal court. What is the nature of the crimes that would constitute a juvenile being transferred to criminal court? The nature of the crimes committed by juveniles has changed over the years. For example, if a juvenile took someones car without permission it was more of a prank referred to as joyriding. Today taking of the same car would be theft. Since most uses of stolen cars is for the furtherance of committing other crimes. This is just a simple example but it sets the stage for how the juvenile justice system had to evolve in order to keep up with the crimes being committed. The focus of the juvenile courts was rehabilitation of the offenders without attaching a permanent criminal record. Believing that all children had no knowledge or responsibility of the actions they committed. This relates back to the argument about age and crimes committed by juveniles. Until the 1990s juveniles, committing crimes rarely saw their case transferred to criminal court. This changed when juveniles began committing more and more adult crimes and the thought changed concerning the nature of crime as it pertain s to juveniles. Therefore, legislation adjusted the focus of the juvenile justices system correcting the nature of the crime to be the same between adults and juveniles. Juveniles who committed felony crimes were now responsible for those crimes and received the same legal process as adults. This in itself was a major change from that of the juvenile courts. Under the provisions of juvenile courts, an offender did not have any constitutional rights. In criminal court, these juveniles now received the same protections under the constitution. Now that the nature of crime changed to meet the needs of the justice system, the violence used became a concern. In the early years of the juvenile justice system, there was violence involved with certain crimes committed. However, the violence pertained more to assault and battery. As time progressed so did the juvenile criminals. Now longer were the crimes just involving assault but weapons, particularly guns became involved. Increasing the violence used while committing crimes. This also led to the increase of fear in the public concerning juvenile criminal activity. As far as weapons are concerned, the use of a gun in violent assaults exceeds that of other weapons. The juvenile offender no longer needs to be within arms range to commit crimes. The use of a gun provided for an increase in murders and attempted murders committed by juveniles. Furthermore, technology today overwhelmed juveniles with images justifying gun violence. We cannot change the advancement of technology but it should be of concern to us. The problems of being a juvenile today also influenced juvenile violence. Juveniles carrying guns to school and using them helped fuel the thought of transferring cases to criminal court. Now not all crimes committed by juveniles with the use of weapons have received transfers to criminal court. The use of a gun, which is violent, was the center point of a case in Santa Cruz County, Arizona. In this case, a juvenile found and began playing with a gun; even though he removed the magazine; he did not know the gun was still loaded. He pointed the gun at a friend and killed her. This case remained in juvenile court and the offender received a sentence of one year in jail. So what is the difference between this and a juvenile who uses a gun in a drive by shooting? The amount of violence is the same. The difference is the intent involved. This again brings up the issue of age and knowledge of the crime being committed. Juveniles who use violence during the commission of a crime know what they are doing and need to be accountable for them. Now with these changes in the n ature of crime and violence, the need to discuss the legislative statutes involved with transferring cases to criminal court. The association between psychopathic characteristics and the severity of the crime has been investigated in two studies. Brandt et al. (1997) found a correlation between the 18-itemPCL-R Total and Factor 1 scores and crime severity. Gretton, McBride, Lewis, OShaughnessy, and Hare (1994) reported that adolescent sex offenders with high PCL:YV scores threatened their victims more and used more server violence during their sexually assaultive acts then did nonpsychopathic sexual offenders. (Gacono, 2000) When dealing with juveniles and the current procedures of transferring them to criminal court, one must consider the types of crimes, which brought this about. Instead, more selective strategies seem warranted in which only the most violent youth (e.g., those employing firearms and chronic violent offenders) are targeted for criminal court processing. (Myers,D. Young, M. 2005) The seriousness of a felony crime and the fact they are being committed by juveniles lead to a fear in the public. Whether this fear is real or imagined is not the issue. The fact that juveniles are killing causes concern to many. Now the origins of the juvenile courts came about to deal with the problems of juveniles committing petty crimes and status offenses. Since that, time society has changed and life has changed. Juveniles today are involved in criminal activity that before was considered only done by adults. The violent activity of gangs increased with drug activities beginning in the early 1990 has al so supported these fears. These issues met with an outcry from the public to get control of the activities of these juvenile criminals and protect the public. As stated before Arizona has several methods for dealing with juvenile criminals. At the top level is the fact Arizona has no age limit for which the transfer of a juvenile case to criminal court. Therefore, upon the determination of the district attorney, the decision to transfer the case to criminal court can occur to any juvenile even at the age of 10. The state also has other means authorized by legislation concerning the transfer of cases. Arizona has Judicial Wavier, which contains two components. The first is discretionary, which allows for the use of discretion when determining if prosecutor transfers a case. The next is presumptive, which is when age, crime and statutory requires make transfer the mean but allows the offender to show proof that the case should not transfer. Then there is concurrent jurisdiction where the prosecutor can proceed in juvenile or criminal court as they both have authority. Statutory exclusion is for certain categories of juvenile offenders and the decision is solely with prosecutor. Then there is reverse wavier, which allows the criminal court to send the case back to juvenile court of action. Also Arizona has the once an adult/always an adult, which means once a juvenile has processed as an adult in criminal court he/she will always be processed in criminal court. Now with an understanding of how cases transfer to criminal court, we need to look at the crimes juveniles commit. Criminal statutes vary from state to state. Juvenile delinquency is a violation of state or federal law or municipal ordinance by a minor that, if committed by an adult, would constitute a crime. (Roberts, A. 2004b) However, under every state statute the crimes, which are felony crimes, remain the same. Crimes such as murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, are just some of the crimes. A felony crime is one in which the offender can receive one year or more in prison. Nationally the numbers of juveniles arrested for felony crimes began to increase and in most statics peaked in the mid 1990s. Even though there was a drop since that time, the numbers concerning violent crimes are still alarming. The Federal Bureau of Investigations is responsible for tracking crime statistics. Now in dealing with statistics you must take it with a grain of salt. Writers use Statistics to sway our opinions for one purpose or another. However, in taking the information just as shown, you can make you own decision. The information between 1999 and 2008 showed drops in murder/manslaughter, forcible rape, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, arson, and violent crime. These numbers were significant as they showed decreases above 10 percent in all but two categories. (Extract from Crime in the United States 2008.) However, those same statistics when taken in a smaller year span show much different results. Between 2004 and 2008, those same crimes showed increases in murder/manslaughter, robbery, burglary, larceny, and violent crime. All these crimes listed are felony crimes across the country. These types of crimes are which the changes in law and attitude prompted transferring juveniles to criminal court. Now is there a correlation between the reduction in some crimes and the punishments received by offenders? This is a good question, since statistics relating to crimes committed by juveniles is non-existent or of no value. However, one can conclude that the decrease can result from more juveniles incarcerated. However, there are studies, which indicate that juveniles transferred to criminal court receive less punishment, then those retained in juvenile courts. Whatever the case maybe these types of crimes are of concern throughout the public and treating these offenders as adults was a neces sary requirement. This with the other factors justified the transferring juvenile criminals to criminal courts. Age of a juvenile came into consideration when determining whether they were able to commit a felony crime. This is not the case anymore as we progressed through the years so have the juveniles. Where there was a belief they could not understand what they were doing, they now know fully their actions. Delinquent juveniles have shown there inability to respond to rehabilitation and therefore need to receive more appropriate punishments. The natures of the crimes committed by juveniles now no longer perceived to be acts of immaturity but the criminal acts they are. Juveniles can and do understand their acts and those who commit criminal activity with knowing intent should receive the same treatment as adult. There are legislative statutes to control the transfer of juveniles to criminal court. Even though they are not perfect they due provide for constitutional guaranties and only transfer those who require appropriate treatment. . There is no end in sight for the types of crimes being committed. We cannot go back in time therefore we need to treat those juvenile criminals as such and stop the glorification of committing these crimes. Reference Page Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders. A Century of Juvenile Justice. (2002) Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 206, 226-229. Griffin, P., Szymanski, L., Torbet, P.(1998) Trying Juveniles As Adults in Criminal Courts: An Analysis of State Transfer Provisions. New York: Diane Pub Co.. Gacono, C. (2000). The Clinical and forensic assessment of psychopathy: a practitioners guide. Mahwah, NJ . Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.. Myers, D., Young, M. (2005) How Should the Criminal Justice System Treat Juvenile Offenders?. Opposing Viewpoints Series Juvenile Crime (hardcover edition). 1 ed. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 95-110. Roberts, A. (2004a) Juvenile Justice Policy. Juvenile Justice Sourcebook Past Present and Future, Edition: 3. New York: Oxford Univpr, 49-51 and 56-60. Roberts, A. (2004b) Juvenile Court. Juvenile Justice Sourcebook Past Present and Future, Edition: 3. New York: Oxford Univpr, 252-257. Roberts, A. (2004c) An Overview of Juvenile and Juvenile Delinquency. Juvenile Justice Sourcebook Past Present and Future, Edition: 3. New York: Oxford Univpr, 10,11,13,15,19,20,21. Scott, E.S., Steinberg, L.(2008). Why Crime is Different?. Rethinking Juvenile Justice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 94-99. Snyder, Howard N..(2000) Juvenile transfers to criminal court in the 1990s : lessons learned from four studies : summary (SuDoc J 32.20:J 98). Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Dept Of Justice, Office Of Justice Programs, Office Of Juvenile Justice And Delinquency Prevention. The Changing Faces of Juvenile Justice (Monographs of the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Branch). (1978) 1st, Date Same on Title Copyright Page ed. New York City: New York University Press. Zimring, F.E..(2005) A Rational For American Juvenile Justice. American Juvenile Justice. New York: Oxford University Press, USA, 56-62. Crime in the United States 2008. FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation Homepage. N.p., n.d. Web 13 July 2010. Snyder, H., Sickmund, M., Poe-Yamagata, E. (2000) Juvenile Transfers to Criminal Court in the 1990s: Lessons Learned From Four States. National Center for Juvenile Justice: Pittsburg, PA. Griffin, P. (2008) Different from Adults: An Updated Analysis of Juvenile Transfer and Blending Sentencing Laws, With Recommendations for Reform. National Center for Juvenile Justice: Pittsburg, PA Griffin, P. (2003) Trying and Sentencing Juveniles as Adults: An Analysis of State Transfer and Blending Sentencing Laws. National Center for Juvenile Justice: Pittsburg, PA

Sunday, January 19, 2020

The relationship between the economic development and the prevalence of education

This research paper examines the relationship between the economic development and the prevalence of education. Also, the correlation between the two will be discussed. The main goal of this paper is to identify whether a country’s economic growth increases the widespread of its education or not. Furthermore, the changes in universal literacy will be analyzed in relations to the reinforcement on economic advancement. Following this main question, this paper will also deliberate on whether or not an economic prosperous country will allocate more funds in education. Thus, as a family’s wealth increases, parents would be more likely to invest more money in educating the next generation. Through this research, increasing the prevalence of education indeed brings a tremendous amount of benefits to the personal financial growth, yet not national economic growth. Unexpectedly, econometric tests invalidate the correlation between education and economic growth. More expenditure in educational funds does not mean more economic growth for a nation. Nevertheless, economic development does lead to an accelerated literacy rate in a country. The millions of people are going through the pains of hunger, abject poverty, illiteracy, homelessness, orphanage, and rejection. A dollar a day may seem meaningless to us, but it can pay for a one-year’s worth of school supplies for a third world country. Television commercials and flyers always solicit donations to help the third-world countries, in particularly their literacy rates, through organizations such as The World Charity Foundation, Inc. Would a higher literacy rate improve a country’s economic status? Does a country’s economic development boost the level of education in its citizens? In the past thirty years, the phenomenon of immigrating and studying abroad is more common in China. This phenomenon reflects that China’s rapid economic development leads people to a greater opportunity of acquiring a higher-level education. Not only China, but also other several third-world countries have become developing countries and made some prolific economic progresses. The growth of a country confers on education a major role as an essential engine of the economic development. The controversial argument of whether a country’s economic growth increases the widespread of its education has been examined from various perspectives. Furthermore, the changes in universal literacy and the population’s average years of schooling will be analyzed in relations to the reinforcement on economic advancement. Economic growth is a sophisticated phenomenon that involves masses of economic, social and political judgments. Explicating the growth is a crucial task by accounting for these factors. Dawood Mamoon and S. Mansoob Murshed compare â€Å"the role of human capital accumulation measured by the number of years of schooling with the relative contribution of institutional capacity to prosperity. Therefore, education is not the only determining factor of the development of a country’s economy; the direct link between the two has yet to be established. However, the relationship between the national GDP and education cannot be overlooked. It is a common myth that more education certainly leads to higher economic growth has an omnipresent influence across both the developed and the developing countries. Many po licy makers of these countries emphasize the importance of allocating budgets in expanding and improving the education system will lead to a prosperous future for their countries. Alison Wolf (institute of education, University of London) indicates that â€Å"when tested against the evidence, both of these ideas turn out to be surprisingly ill-founded. † Besides, widespread education is equivalent to a country as building a solid foundation. Although, there is no clear correlation between education and economic growth, to make compulsory education universal still bring huge rate of returns for the growth in the individual living standard. According to a new report from the College Board in 2005, which makes the circumstance that higher education profits all U. S. citizens by increasing the rates of return on investments in higher education both for one’s who is doing well in college or university and for society as a whole. In this paper, I explore a comprehending of the role of education in the processes of flowering a country’s economics. Through this research, increasing the prevalence of education indeed brings a tremendous amount of b enefits to the personal financial growth, yet not national economic growth. Unexpectedly, econometric tests invalidate the correlation between education and economic growth. More expenditure in educational funds does not mean more economic growth for a nation. Nevertheless, economic development does lead to an accelerated literacy rate in a country. In what follows I will look upon my three chosen academic articles in turn, stating a succinct framework of the neighborly connections between a country’s economy and education. Then I will utilize some tangible evidences to advocate the main ideas. Ultimately, I will conclude this paper with some impressions on what connotations these justifications have for the study of education and growth.